Among the many traditional holidays of the Kyrgyz people, such as Orozo Ait, Kurman Ait, and Chechkor (harvest festival), Nauryz holds a special place. This holiday symbolizes a new beginning and is an important milestone in the life of the people.
The origins of Nauryz date back to the distant past, to the 7th-6th centuries BC. It embodies the renewal of nature, the arrival of spring, and the beginning of a new life cycle. In 2009, this holiday was included in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO, confirming its significance not only for Central Asia but also for other countries such as Azerbaijan, Iran, India, Pakistan, and Turkey.
The connection of Nauryz with the history of the Kyrgyz people, one of the oldest peoples in the region, is also very significant. Historical sources, including studies by the renowned academician Vasily Bartold, indicate that the ancestors of the Kyrgyz celebrated the New Year in March, on the day of the spring equinox. This moment, when day and night are equal, symbolizes balance between light and darkness, making Nauryz a holiday of harmony and renewal.
The traditions of Nauryz live on and are passed down from generation to generation. On the eve of the holiday, people strive to tidy up their homes, settle debts, and reconcile with those they have quarreled with. One of the mandatory rituals is the "alas" ceremony, which involves fumigating the home with the smoke of archi (juniper) to cleanse the space of negative energy.
On the eve of Nauryz, all containers are filled with milk, grains, and spring water, symbolizing abundance and well-being. On March 21, people try to greet the day with a good mood, in clean and, if possible, new clothes, exchanging sincere wishes of goodwill.
Photo by the author
With the arrival of Nauryz, the gastronomic part of the holiday begins. Traditionally, a porridge called Nauryz köjö is prepared from grains. However, the most significant dish remains sümölök, made from sprouted wheat. This process often takes all night and becomes a true collective event, filled with songs, conversations, and fun.
On the festive table, seven important elements must be present: water, meat, salt, oil, flour, grains, and milk, which symbolize life and abundance.
Although Nauryz was not officially celebrated during Soviet times, it regained its importance as a holiday that embodies national identity with the acquisition of independence. Today, March 21 is an official holiday accompanied by folk festivities, fairs, theatrical performances, equestrian games, and exhibitions of folk crafts.
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In the modern world, Nauryz has become not just a tradition, but a symbol of the unity of the people, mutual respect, and readiness to forgive. This holiday connects the past and the future of the Kyrgyz people.
Baibolot Abytov, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor,
Institute of Oriental Studies, Osh State University
