Key factors causing seizures:
1. Elevated temperature
Seizures often occur in children aged 6 months to 5 years when the temperature exceeds 38°C. This is the most common cause, and such episodes are usually brief.
2. Electrolyte imbalance
A deficiency or excess of sodium, potassium, and calcium can lead to seizures. This often happens after diarrhea, during extreme heat, or due to excessive fluid intake, which disrupts the body's balance.
3. Hypoglycemia
Seizures can occur if blood glucose levels drop due to poor nutrition or increased physical activity.
4. Neurological or infectious diseases
Conditions such as meningitis, encephalitis, head injuries, or epilepsy can lead to prolonged or recurring seizures.
5. Drug reactions or poisoning
Some allergic reactions to medications or poisonings, including food or chemical, can trigger spasms and seizures.
First aid for seizures
- Place the child in a safe location, removing sharp and dangerous objects nearby.
- Protect the head and neck by laying them on a soft surface.
- Do not attempt to restrain the limbs forcefully.
- Do not put anything in the mouth!
- If seizures last more than 5-10 minutes, it is necessary to call an ambulance (103).
- After the seizure, check the child's temperature and breathing, and be sure to consult a doctor.
- Some parents make mistakes, such as pressing on the child's chest or trying to put a hand in the mouth, which is extremely dangerous.
The specialist emphasizes the need for a proper assessment of the child's condition, explaining the situation, and measuring the temperature before administering medication. For example, many are aware of paracetamol but often do not know the correct dosage. Also, improper cooling of the child or covering them with a hot cloth can worsen the situation.
Lack of medical knowledge among the population is one of the serious problems. Although parents sometimes blame doctors for their children's illnesses, in reality, initial care and attention depend on the mother or other adults caring for the child. It is important to know how to feed and provide assistance correctly.
Fortunately, in most cases, children recover without serious consequences.
