// Constitution
In Kazakhstan, a republican referendum on the adoption of a new Constitution is scheduled for March 15, 2026. The initiator of the reform is President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, who positions the changes as a continuation of the political transformations of 2025.
The project essentially represents a new version of the Fundamental Law: the changes affect 77 articles, or about 84% of the current text.
From reforms to institutional maturity
The proposed Constitution is viewed not just as separate amendments, but as a comprehensive modernization of the entire state structure. Its main goal is to complete the transitional phase towards a mature institutional system, where the key aspects will be legal clarity, balance of powers, and systemic accountability.
The project enshrines both the foundations of sovereignty and the mechanisms for its implementation, including clear powers, procedures, and limits of authority.
A new architecture of the political system
Among the main innovations:
- transition to a unicameral parliament
- strengthening the role of the Kurultai in the political system
- creation of a new body — Kazakhstan People's Council (Қазақстан Халық Кеңесі) with the right of legislative initiative
- introduction of the position of vice president
These measures aim to improve governance and increase citizen participation in the political process.
Balance of power and prevention of concentration of authority
Although the form of government remains presidential, the new mechanisms provide more reliable checks and balances.
The president will appoint judges of the Constitutional Court, members of the Central Election Commission, and the Supreme Audit Chamber with the consent of the Kurultai, creating a system of shared responsibility and reducing the risks of power concentration.
Strengthening the role of the Constitutional Court
The Constitutional Court will be recognized as an independent body guaranteeing the supremacy of the Constitution.
Its decisions will be final, and norms recognized as unconstitutional will lose their force. In addition, citizens will have the right to directly appeal to the court to protect their rights.
Human rights and the digital age
The project adapts the system of rights and freedoms to modern challenges:
- enhancement of personal data and digital communications protection
- enshrinement of the principle of non-deterioration of conditions for citizens
- expansion of procedural guarantees during detention
This brings the national legal system closer to modern international standards.
Ideological and legal innovations
The new Constitution provides for:
- marriage as a union of a man and a woman
- priority of national legislation over international
- preservation of the status of the Russian language as official alongside Kazakh
These points reflect the course towards strengthening legal sovereignty and national identity.
Accountability system and succession of power
The document introduces restrictions on reappointments to high positions, as well as establishes transparent procedures for the president's resignation and clear election timelines.
The institution of the vice president will ensure stability and governance during transitional moments.
Economy, ecology, and development
The Constitution includes:
- special legal regimes for regional development
- formation of a sustainable investment environment
- enshrinement of ecological responsibility and principles of sustainable development
These measures emphasize the integration of economic and ecological aspects into the Fundamental Law.
Referendum and citizen participation
Amendments to the Constitution will be adopted exclusively through a nationwide referendum, which enhances democratic legitimacy.
Citizens will also be able to participate more actively through the new People's Council, which will include at least 130 representatives from various segments of society.
Transitional period and key dates
- February 11, 2026 — the project will be presented to the president
- March 15, 2026 — referendum day
- July 1, 2026 — possible entry into force of the new Constitution
The transitional provisions aim to prevent legal vacuums and strengthen the stability of the system.
Conclusion
The draft of the new Constitution of Kazakhstan forms a model of a more balanced and sustainable state.
It combines institutional reforms, strengthening of legal mechanisms, and expansion of civic participation, reflecting the country's aspiration for modernization and long-term stability.
